Encryptor/Decryptor: Securing and Unlocking Digital Data

1. What is an Encryptor/Decryptor?

An Encryptor/Decryptor is a tool, application, or algorithm that converts plain information into unreadable code (encryption) and then restores it back to its original form (decryption) using a specific key or password.

Example:

• Plain text: HELLO WORLD

• Encrypted: X1l@z#9P!

• Decrypted: HELLO WORLD

2. Purpose

The primary purpose is data security—ensuring only authorized users can read the information.

• Encryption protects sensitive data from unauthorized access.

• Decryption makes the data usable again for those with the right key.

3. How It Works

1. Encryption Process

   • User inputs plain data.

   • Encryption algorithm (e.g., AES, RSA) scrambles it into cipher text.

   • Only someone with the correct key can reverse the process.

2. Decryption Process

   • Encrypted data is fed into the decryption tool.

   • The correct key unlocks and restores the original message.

4. Types of Encryption

• Symmetric Encryption – The same key is used for encryption and decryption (e.g., AES).

• Asymmetric Encryption – Uses a public key to encrypt and a private key to decrypt (e.g., RSA).

• Hashing (One-Way) – Generates a fixed output that cannot be decrypted but can be verified (e.g., SHA-256).

5. Common Uses

• Secure Messaging – Protecting chat or email contents.

• File Protection – Encrypting documents, images, or databases.

• Web Security – HTTPS uses encryption to secure online transactions.

• Password Storage – Safely storing credentials with salted hashes.

6. Key Features in a Good Tool

• Strong encryption algorithms.

• Easy key management.

• Cross-platform support (desktop, mobile, web).

• Option to encrypt files, text, or both.